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Editorial| Volume 184, 109705, March 2023

A burning issue in Resuscitation

  • Ziad Nehme
    Correspondence
    Corresponding author at: Centre for Research and Evaluation, Ambulance Victoria, 31 Joseph Street, Blackburn Norther, Victoria 3130 Australia.
    Affiliations
    Centre of Research and Evaluation, Ambulance Victoria, Doncaster, Victoria, Australia
    Department of Paramedicine, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
    Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Prahran, Victoria, Australia
    Search for articles by this author
  • Emily Nehme
    Affiliations
    Centre of Research and Evaluation, Ambulance Victoria, Doncaster, Victoria, Australia
    Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Prahran, Victoria, Australia
    Search for articles by this author
Published:January 27, 2023DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2023.109705
A burning issue in Resuscitation
Previous ArticleCan machine learning predict recurrent cardiac arrest?
Next ArticleLife at all cost?! What life? What cost?
      Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a leading cause of death in the developed world.
      • Berdowski J.
      • Berg R.A.
      • Tijssen J.G.
      • Koster R.W.
      Global incidences of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and survival rates: Systematic review of 67 prospective studies.
      Resuscitation. 2010; 81: 1479-1487
      Although the vast majority of OHCA are of medical or cardiac aetiology, there is a growing population of OHCA patients whose pathogenesis is related to external causes, including overdose or poisoning, trauma, and asphyxiation.
      • Alqahtani S.
      • Nehme Z.
      • Williams B.
      • Bernard S.
      • Smith K.
      Changes in the incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Differences between cardiac and non-cardiac aetiologies.
      Resuscitation. 2020; 155: 125-133
      , 
      • Lee S.Y.
      • Ro Y.S.
      • Park J.H.
      • Jeong J.
      • Song K.J.
      • Shin S.D.
      Trends of the incidence and clinical outcomes of suicide-related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Korea: A 10-year nationwide observational study.
      Resuscitation. 2021; 163: 146-154
      External causes of OHCA represent as many as one quarter of all OHCA cases, have a very low prospect of survival, and are associated with significant neurological sequelae in survivors.
      • Alqahtani S.
      • Nehme Z.
      • Williams B.
      • Bernard S.
      • Smith K.
      Changes in the incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Differences between cardiac and non-cardiac aetiologies.
      Resuscitation. 2020; 155: 125-133
      , 
      • Lee S.Y.
      • Ro Y.S.
      • Park J.H.
      • Jeong J.
      • Song K.J.
      • Shin S.D.
      Trends of the incidence and clinical outcomes of suicide-related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Korea: A 10-year nationwide observational study.
      Resuscitation. 2021; 163: 146-154
      , 
      • Kitamura T.
      • Kiyohara K.
      • Sakai T.
      • et al.
      Epidemiology and outcome of adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of non-cardiac origin in Osaka: a population-based study.
      BMJ Open. 2014; 4: e006462
      , 
      • Kuisma M.
      • Alaspaa A.
      Out-of-hospital cardiac arrests of non-cardiac origin.
      Epidemiology and outcome. Eur Heart J. 1997; 18: 1122-1128
      , 
      • Hess E.P.
      • Campbell R.L.
      • White R.D.
      Epidemiology, trends, and outcome of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of non-cardiac origin.
      Resuscitation. 2007; 72: 200-206
      , 
      • Kim S.J.
      • Shin S.D.
      • Lee E.J.
      • et al.
      Epidemiology and outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest according to suicide mechanism: a nationwide observation study.
      Clinical and experimental emergency medicine. 2015; 2: 95-103
      , 
      • Alqudah Z.
      • Nehme Z.
      • Williams B.
      • Oteir A.
      • Bernard S.
      • Smith K.
      Impact of temporal changes in the epidemiology and management of traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest on survival outcomes.
      Resuscitation. 2021; 158: 79-87
      , 
      • Alqahtani S.
      • Nehme Z.
      • Williams B.
      • Bernard S.
      • Smith K.
      Long-term trends in the epidemiology of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest precipitated by suspected drug overdose.
      Resuscitation. 2019; 144: 17-24
      , 
      • Alqahtani S.
      • Nehme Z.
      • Williams B.
      • Bernard S.
      • Smith K.
      Temporal Trends in the Incidence, Characteristics, and Outcomes of Hanging-Related Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.
      Prehosp Emerg Care. 2020; 24: 369-377
      However, there are a myriad of external causes of OHCA, making the interpretation and translation of evidence difficult when described under such umbrella terms. For instance, OHCA precipitated by trauma can have a range of mechanisms, including long falls, assaults, motor vehicle accidents, animal injury, shootings, and stabbings, among many others, all of which have distinct epidemiological profiles, prognostic factors and challenges in treatment and recovery.
      • Kitamura T.
      • Kiyohara K.
      • Sakai T.
      • et al.
      Epidemiology and outcome of adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of non-cardiac origin in Osaka: a population-based study.
      BMJ Open. 2014; 4: e006462
      , 
      • Doan T.N.
      • Wilson D.
      • Rashford S.
      • Sims L.
      • Bosley E.
      Epidemiology, management and survival outcomes of adult out-of-hospital traumatic cardiac arrest due to blunt, penetrating or burn injury.
      Emerg Med J. 2022; 39: 111-117
      , 
      • Beck B.
      • Bray J.E.
      • Cameron P.
      • et al.
      Predicting outcomes in traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: the relevance of Utstein factors.
      Emerg Med J. 2017; 34: 786-792
      , 
      • Kim J.G.
      • Lee J.
      • Choi H.Y.
      • et al.
      Outcome analysis of traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients according to the mechanism of injury: A nationwide observation study.
      Medicine (Baltimore). 2020; 99: e23095
      , 
      • Deasy C.
      • Bray J.
      • Smith K.
      • et al.
      Traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in Melbourne.
      Australia. Resuscitation. 2012; 83: 465-470
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      References

        • Berdowski J.
        • Berg R.A.
        • Tijssen J.G.
        • Koster R.W.
        Global incidences of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and survival rates: Systematic review of 67 prospective studies.
        Resuscitation. 2010; 81: 1479-1487
        View in Article
        • Alqahtani S.
        • Nehme Z.
        • Williams B.
        • Bernard S.
        • Smith K.
        Changes in the incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Differences between cardiac and non-cardiac aetiologies.
        Resuscitation. 2020; 155: 125-133
        View in Article
        • Lee S.Y.
        • Ro Y.S.
        • Park J.H.
        • Jeong J.
        • Song K.J.
        • Shin S.D.
        Trends of the incidence and clinical outcomes of suicide-related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Korea: A 10-year nationwide observational study.
        Resuscitation. 2021; 163: 146-154
        View in Article
        • Kitamura T.
        • Kiyohara K.
        • Sakai T.
        • et al.
        Epidemiology and outcome of adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of non-cardiac origin in Osaka: a population-based study.
        BMJ Open. 2014; 4: e006462
        View in Article
        • Kuisma M.
        • Alaspaa A.
        Out-of-hospital cardiac arrests of non-cardiac origin.
        Epidemiology and outcome. Eur Heart J. 1997; 18: 1122-1128
        View in Article
        • Hess E.P.
        • Campbell R.L.
        • White R.D.
        Epidemiology, trends, and outcome of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of non-cardiac origin.
        Resuscitation. 2007; 72: 200-206
        View in Article
        • Kim S.J.
        • Shin S.D.
        • Lee E.J.
        • et al.
        Epidemiology and outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest according to suicide mechanism: a nationwide observation study.
        Clinical and experimental emergency medicine. 2015; 2: 95-103
        View in Article
        • Alqudah Z.
        • Nehme Z.
        • Williams B.
        • Oteir A.
        • Bernard S.
        • Smith K.
        Impact of temporal changes in the epidemiology and management of traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest on survival outcomes.
        Resuscitation. 2021; 158: 79-87
        View in Article
        • Alqahtani S.
        • Nehme Z.
        • Williams B.
        • Bernard S.
        • Smith K.
        Long-term trends in the epidemiology of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest precipitated by suspected drug overdose.
        Resuscitation. 2019; 144: 17-24
        View in Article
        • Alqahtani S.
        • Nehme Z.
        • Williams B.
        • Bernard S.
        • Smith K.
        Temporal Trends in the Incidence, Characteristics, and Outcomes of Hanging-Related Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.
        Prehosp Emerg Care. 2020; 24: 369-377
        View in Article
        • Doan T.N.
        • Wilson D.
        • Rashford S.
        • Sims L.
        • Bosley E.
        Epidemiology, management and survival outcomes of adult out-of-hospital traumatic cardiac arrest due to blunt, penetrating or burn injury.
        Emerg Med J. 2022; 39: 111-117
        View in Article
        • Beck B.
        • Bray J.E.
        • Cameron P.
        • et al.
        Predicting outcomes in traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: the relevance of Utstein factors.
        Emerg Med J. 2017; 34: 786-792
        View in Article
        • Kim J.G.
        • Lee J.
        • Choi H.Y.
        • et al.
        Outcome analysis of traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients according to the mechanism of injury: A nationwide observation study.
        Medicine (Baltimore). 2020; 99: e23095
        View in Article
        • Deasy C.
        • Bray J.
        • Smith K.
        • et al.
        Traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in Melbourne.
        Australia. Resuscitation. 2012; 83: 465-470
        View in Article

      15. Hoshino T, Enomoto Y and Inoue Y. Characteristics of patients resuscitated after burn related out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2023.109692.

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        • et al.
        Survival rate variation among different types of hospitalized traumatic cardiac arrest: A retrospective and nationwide study.
        Medicine (Baltimore). 2018; 97: e11480
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        • Dziewulski P.
        Prognostic scoring systems in burns: a review.
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        View in Article

      Article info

      Publication history

      Published online: January 27, 2023
      Accepted: January 18, 2023
      Received: January 15, 2023

      Identification

      DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2023.109705

      Copyright

      © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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