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Letter to the Editor| Volume 162, P455, May 2021

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Reply to: Estimation of the survival probabilities in hypothermic cardiac arrest patients with drowning: The HOPE score as a tool to help selecting patients for extracorporeal rewarming

Published:March 29, 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.03.025
Reply to: Estimation of the survival probabilities in hypothermic cardiac arrest patients with drowning: The HOPE score as a tool to help selecting patients for extracorporeal rewarming
Previous ArticleEstimation of the survival probabilities in hypothermic cardiac arrest patients with drowning: The HOPE score as a tool to help selecting patients for extracorporeal rewarming
Next ArticleCorrigendum to “Trajectories of vital signs in patients with COVID-19” [Resuscitation 156 (2020) 99–106]
      The kind comments on our recent scoping review about drowning are very much welcomed.

      Letter.

      , 
      • Bierens J.
      • Abelairas-Gomez C.
      • Barcala Furelos R.
      • et al.
      Resuscitation and emergency care in drowning: a scoping review.
      Resuscitation. 2021; 162 (S0300-9572(21)00042-3. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33549689): 205-217https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.01.033
      Indeed, drowning mechanisms are presented in various forms in which hypothermia can act as therapy, threat and sign of arrested body functions.
      • Bierens J.J.
      • Lunetta P.
      • Tipton M.
      • Warner D.S.
      Physiology of drowning: a review.
      Physiology (Bethesda). 2016; 31 (PMID: 26889019): 147-166https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00002.2015
      The 14 publications in our scoping review related to the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in drowning included 732 adults and children and suggested that ECMO can be safe and effective when applied following cardio-respiratory arrest, hypothermia and/or respiratory impairment. A large variety of factors may influence patient outcome when using the ECMO, including factors related to the drowning mechanism itself.
      • Bierens J.
      • Abelairas-Gomez C.
      • Barcala Furelos R.
      • et al.
      Resuscitation and emergency care in drowning: a scoping review.
      Resuscitation. 2021; 162 (S0300-9572(21)00042-3. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33549689): 205-217https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.01.033
      There remains a lot to be learned about the optimal indications for ECMO following drowning.
      • Bierens J.
      • Abelairas-Gomez C.
      • Barcala Furelos R.
      • et al.
      Resuscitation and emergency care in drowning: a scoping review.
      Resuscitation. 2021; 162 (S0300-9572(21)00042-3. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33549689): 205-217https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.01.033
      For this reason, the HOPE-score, promoted by Darocha and colleagues

      Letter.

      can be a useful tool to learn for which indications, at which moment, and where in the chain of survival, ECMO can be used. Such studies should also contribute to the understanding when and where there is an added value of ECMO compared to common therapies after drowning as well as in hypothermic cardiac arrest patients.
      There are still huge gaps in drowning research
      • Koon W.
      • Clemens T.
      • Bierens J.
      • Quan L.
      Studying outcome predictors of drowning at the scene: why do we have so few answers?.
      Am J Emerg Med. 2020; (S0735-6757(20)30897-4. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33069542)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.10.011
      and efforts to lead research in this most serious category of hypothermic drowned victims, are highly appreciated. It is advised to perform these studies using the available uniform definitions and registration templates.
      • Idris A.H.
      • Bierens J.J.L.M.
      • Perkins G.D.
      • et al.
      2015 revised Utstein-style recommended guidelines for uniform reporting of data from drowning-related resuscitation: an ILCOR advisory statement.
      Resuscitation. 2017; 118 (Epub 2017 Jul 17. PMID: 28728893): 147-158https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2017.05.028

      Financial support

      None declared.

      Conflict of interest

      GDP (volunteer roles International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation, European Resuscitation Council, Resuscitation Council UK; Editor Resuscitation; Medico-legal advice related to drowning). JB (medical advisor Royal Dutch Lifeboat Institution – KNRM; volunteer roles Advising-governor Royal Dutch Society to Rescue People from Drowning, established in 1767 – KMRD; international representative Royal Dutch Lifesaving Association).

      References

      1. Letter.

        View in Article
        • Bierens J.
        • Abelairas-Gomez C.
        • Barcala Furelos R.
        • et al.
        Resuscitation and emergency care in drowning: a scoping review.
        Resuscitation. 2021; 162 (S0300-9572(21)00042-3. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33549689): 205-217https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.01.033
        View in Article
        • Bierens J.J.
        • Lunetta P.
        • Tipton M.
        • Warner D.S.
        Physiology of drowning: a review.
        Physiology (Bethesda). 2016; 31 (PMID: 26889019): 147-166https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00002.2015
        View in Article
        • Koon W.
        • Clemens T.
        • Bierens J.
        • Quan L.
        Studying outcome predictors of drowning at the scene: why do we have so few answers?.
        Am J Emerg Med. 2020; (S0735-6757(20)30897-4. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33069542)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.10.011
        View in Article
        • Idris A.H.
        • Bierens J.J.L.M.
        • Perkins G.D.
        • et al.
        2015 revised Utstein-style recommended guidelines for uniform reporting of data from drowning-related resuscitation: an ILCOR advisory statement.
        Resuscitation. 2017; 118 (Epub 2017 Jul 17. PMID: 28728893): 147-158https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2017.05.028
        View in Article

      Article info

      Publication history

      Published online: March 29, 2021

      Identification

      DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.03.025

      Copyright

      © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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