Abstract
The European Resuscitation Council has produced these first aid guidelines, which
are based on the 2020 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Science
with Treatment Recommendations. The topics include the first aid management of emergency
medicine and trauma. For medical emergencies the following content is covered: recovery
position, optimal positioning for shock, bronchodilator administration for asthma,
recognition of stroke, early aspirin for chest pain, second dose of adrenaline for
anaphylaxis, management of hypoglycaemia, oral rehydration solutions for treating
exertion-related dehydration, management of heat stroke by cooling, supplemental oxygen
in acute stroke, and presyncope. For trauma related emergencies the following topics
are covered: control of life-threatening bleeding, management of open chest wounds,
cervical spine motion restriction and stabilisation, recognition of concussion, cooling
of thermal burns, dental avulsion, compression wrap for closed extremity joint injuries,
straightening an angulated fracture, and eye injury from chemical exposure.
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Published online: March 24, 2021
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© 2021 Published by Elsevier B.V.
