Abstract
Background
The absence of nationwide surveillance data on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA)
in the United States (US) limits understanding of the epidemiology of paediatric OHCA.
We investigated the national characteristics of paediatric OHCA using the National
Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS).
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study using the 2016 NEMSIS dataset, a national registry
of emergency medical services (EMS) activations at 46 states in the US. We included
paediatric patients (age <18 years) with “9-1-1” EMS responses to OHCA. We defined
OHCA as (a) presence of cardiac arrest; (b) EMS reported initiation of cardiac arrest
resuscitation; (c) performance of chest compressions; or (d) performance of defibrillation.
We reported the incidence and characteristics of paediatric OHCA, stratified by age
group: <1 year: infants, 1–5 years: young children, 6–12 years: older children, and
13–17 years: adolescents.
Results
Among 1,531,469 paediatric EMS responses, we identified a total of 23,514 EMS responses
to paediatric OHCA (95% confidence interval [CI], 23,217–23,814), incidence of 15.4
per 1000 paediatric EMS responses (95% CI, 15.2–15.5), and estimated national incidence
of 37.9 per 100,000 child-years (95% CI, 37.4–38.4). Among 23,514 EMS responses to
paediatric OHCA, we observed 4515 (19.2%) of EMS responses in infants, 5588 (23.8%)
in young children, 4976 (21.2%) in older children, and 8435 (35.9%) in adolescents.
Conclusion
Using data from the NEMSIS, we estimate that there are over 23,000 annual paediatric
OHCA in the US. These data provide key insights of paediatric OHCA in the US.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 26, 2020
Accepted:
April 12,
2020
Received in revised form:
March 24,
2020
Received:
February 2,
2020
Identification
Copyright
© 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
