Abstract
Background
While therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is an effective neuroprotective therapy for neonatal
hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, TH has not been demonstrated to improve outcome in
other pediatric populations. Patients with acquired or congenital heart disease (CHD)
are at high risk of both cardiac arrest and neurodevelopmental impairments, and therapies
are needed to improve neurologic outcome. The primary goal of our study was to compare
safety/efficacy outcomes in post-arrest CHD patients treated with TH versus controls
not treated with TH.
Methods
Patients with CHD treated during the first 18 months after initiation of a post-arrest
TH protocol (temperature goal: 33.5 °C) were compared to historical and contemporary
post-arrest controls not treated with TH. Post-arrest data, including temperature,
safety measures (e.g. arrhythmia, bleeding), neurodiagnostic data (EEG, neuroimaging),
and survival were compared.
Results
Thirty arrest episodes treated with TH and 51 control arrest episodes were included.
The groups did not differ in age, duration of arrest, post-arrest lactate, or use
of ECMO-CPR. The TH group’s post-arrest temperature was significantly lower than control’s
(33.6 ± 0.2 °C vs 34.7 ± 0.5 °C, p < 0.001). There was no difference between the groups
in safety/efficacy measures, including arrhythmia, infections, chest-tube output,
or neuroimaging abnormalities, nor in hospital survival (TH 61.5% vs control 59.1%,
p = NS). Significantly more controls had seizures than TH patients (26.1% vs. 4.0%,
p = 0.04). Almost all seizures were subclinical and occurred more than 24 h post-arrest.
Conclusion
Our data show that pediatric CHD patients who suffer cardiac arrest can be treated
effectively and safely with TH, which may decrease the incidence of seizures.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 21, 2018
Accepted:
February 19,
2018
Received in revised form:
February 1,
2018
Received:
October 16,
2017
Footnotes
☆A Spanish translated version of the abstract of this article appears as Appendix in the final online version at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2018.02.022.
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
