Abstract
Aims
Evaluation of school pupils’ resuscitation performance after different types of training
relative to the effects of training frequency (annually vs. biannually), starting
age (10 vs. 13 years) and facilitator (emergency physician vs. teacher).
Methods
Prospective longitudinal study investigating 433 pupils in training and control groups.
Outcome criteria were chest compression depth, compression frequency, ventilation
volume, ventilation frequency, self-image and theoretical knowledge. In the training
groups, 251 pupils received training annually or biannually either from emergency
physicians or CPR-trained teachers. The control group without any training consisted
of 182 pupils.
Results
Improvements in training vs. control groups were observed in chest compression depth
(38 vs. 24 mm), compression frequency (74 vs. 42 min−1), ventilation volume (734 ml vs. 21 ml) and ventilation frequency (9/min vs. 0/min). Numbers of correct answers in a written
test improved by 20%, vs. 5% in the control group. Pupils starting at age 10 showed
practical skills equivalent to those starting at age 13. Theoretical knowledge was
better in older pupils. Self-confidence grew in the training groups. Neither more
frequent training nor training by emergency physicians led to better performance among
the pupils.
Conclusions
Pupils starting at age 10 are able to learn cardiopulmonary resuscitation with one
annual training course only. After a 60-min CPR-training update, teachers are able
to provide courses successfully. Early training reduces anxieties about making mistakes
and markedly increases participants’ willingness to help. Courses almost doubled the
confidence of pupils that what they had learned would enable them to save lives.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to ResuscitationAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Effect of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients in Sweden.Resuscitation. 2000; 47: 59-70
- Predicting survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a graphic model.Ann Emerg Med. 1993; 22: 1652-1658
- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation by bystanders with chest compression only (SOS-KANTO): an observational study.Lancet. 2007; 369: 920-926
- European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2010 Section 1. Executive summary.Resuscitation. 2010; 81: 1219-1276
- A reappraisal of mouth-to-mouth ventilation during bystander-initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A statement for healthcare professionals from the Ventilation Working Group of the Basic Life Support and Pediatric Life Support Subcommittees, American Heart Association.Circulation. 1997; 96: 2102-2112
- Randomised controlled trials of staged teaching for basic life support: 2. Comparison of CPR performance and skill retention using either staged instruction or conventional training.Resuscitation. 2001; 50: 27-37
- European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2005. Section 2. Adult basic life support and use of automated external defibrillators.Resuscitation. 2005; 67: S7-S23
- Attitudes of BCLS instructors about mouth-to-mouth resuscitation during the AIDS epidemic.Ann Emerg Med. 1990; 19: 151-156
- CPR with chest compression alone or with rescue breathing.N Engl J Med. 2010; 363: 423-433
- At what age can schoolchildren provide effective chest compressions? An observational study from the Heartstart UK schools training programme.BMJ. 2007; 334: 1201
- Disseminating cardiopulmonary resuscitation training by distributing 35,000 personal manikins among school children.Circulation. 2007; 116: 1380-1385
- Compression-only CPR or standard CPR in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.N Engl J Med. 2010; 363: 434-442
- Statistical tests with accurate size and power for balanced linear mixed models.Stat Med. 2007; 26: 3639-3660
- The analysis of repeated measures designs in medical research.Stat Med. 1984; 3: 185-195
- Statistical power and effect sizes of clinical neuropsychology research.J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2001; 23: 399-406
- The addition of voice prompts to audiovisual feedback and debriefing does not modify CPR quality or outcomes in out of hospital cardiac arrest – a prospective, randomized trial.Resuscitation. 2011; 82: 257-262
- Evaluation of staff's retention of ACLS and BLS skills.Resuscitation. 2008; 78: 59-65
- Retention of CPR performance in anaesthetists.Resuscitation. 2006; 68: 101-108
Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 30, 2012
Accepted:
January 12,
2012
Received in revised form:
January 9,
2012
Received:
September 6,
2011
Footnotes
☆A Spanish translated version of the abstract of this article appears as Appendix in the final online version at doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2012.01.020.
Identification
Copyright
© 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
