Resuscitation
Volume 80, Issue 6 , Pages 644-649 , June 2009

Is the enrollment of racial and ethnic minorities in research in the emergency setting equitable?

  • Jeremy Sugarman

      Affiliations

    • Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
    • Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: Berman Institute of Bioethics and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Hampton House 351, 624 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Tel.: +1 410 955 3119; fax: +1 410 614 9567.
    • ,
  • Colleen Sitlani

      Affiliations

    • Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Clinical Trial Center, Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
    • ,
  • Dug Andrusiek

      Affiliations

    • Medical Programs, Emergency and Health Services Commission, and School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
    • ,
  • Tom Aufderheide

      Affiliations

    • Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
    • ,
  • Eileen M. Bulger

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
    • ,
  • Daniel P. Davis

      Affiliations

    • Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
    • ,
  • David B. Hoyt

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
    • ,
  • Ahamed Idris

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
    • ,
  • Jeffrey D. Kerby

      Affiliations

    • Section of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
    • ,
  • Judy Powell

      Affiliations

    • Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Clinical Trial Center, Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
    • ,
  • Terri Schmidt

      Affiliations

    • Department of Emergency Medicine and Center for Ethics in Health Care, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
    • ,
  • Arthur S. Slutsky

      Affiliations

    • Keenan Research Center of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute at St. Michael's Hospital, and University of Toronto, Toronto, CA, USA
    • ,
  • George Sopko

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
    • ,
  • Shannon Stephens

      Affiliations

    • Department of Emergency Medicine, Alabama Resuscitation Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
    • ,
  • Carolyn Williams

      Affiliations

    • Department of Emergency Medicine, Alabama Resuscitation Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
    • ,
  • Graham Nichol

      Affiliations

    • Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Clinical Trial Center, Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
    • University of Washington – Harborview Center for Prehospital Emergency Care, Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
    • ,
  • the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Investigators

Received 10 November 2008 ,Revised 30 January 2009 ,Accepted 4 March 2009.

References 

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  15. Neavling S. Blood experiment disproportionate: cities had higher numbers of minorities. Detroit Free Press; 2007;
  16. Potter M. Bad blood? San Diego Reader. July 28, 2005.
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  20. NeSmith EG. Racial disparities in acute outcomes of life-threatening injury. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2006;38:241–246
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  23. Brasel KJ, Bulger E, Cook AJ, et al. Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium investigators. Hypertonic resuscitation: design and implementation of a prehospital intervention trial. J Am Coll Surg. 2008;206:220–232
  24. Protection of Human Subjects. Subtitle A. Part 46; 2003.
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  27. Holloway KFC. Accidental communities: race, emergency medicine, and the problem of PolyHeme. Am J Bioethics 2006;6:4–16.
  28. King PA. Race, justice, and research. In:  Kahn JP,  Mastroianni AM,  Sugarman J editor. Beyond consent: seeking justice in research. New York: Oxford University Press; 1998;
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  30. NIH policy and guidelines on the inclusion of women and minorities as subjects in clinical research – amended, October 2001. Available from: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/women_min/guidelines_amended_10_2001.htm.

☆ A Spanish translated version of the summary of this article appears as Appendix in the final online version at doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2009.03.015.

PII: S0300-9572(09)00121-X

doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2009.03.015

Resuscitation
Volume 80, Issue 6 , Pages 644-649 , June 2009

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